1.1.1 Diagnosis established with spirometry
1.1.2 Chest x-ray not diagnostic
1.1.3.1 Catherine Beigelman-Aubry, André Capderou,
Philippe A. Grenier, Christian Straus,
Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Thomas Similowski, and
Marc Zelter Mild Intermittent Asthma: CT
Assessment of Bronchial Cross-sectional Area and
Lung Attenuation at Controlled Lung Volume
Radiology April 2002 223:181-187
1.1.3.2 McKenzie SA. Difficult asthma in children.
Eur Respir Review 2000;60:18 -22
1.1.3.3 Marchac, Valentine, Emond, Sophie,
Mamou-Mani, Tania, Le Bihan-Benjamin, Christine,
le Bourgeois, Muriel, de Blic, Jacques,
Scheinmann, Pierre, Brunelle, Francis Thoracic CT
in Pediatric Patients with Difficult-to-Treat
Asthma Am. J. Roentgenol. 2002 179: 1245-1252
1.1.3.4 Phillips, CD, Platts-Mills, TA Chronic
sinusitis: relationship between CT findings and
clinical history of asthma, allergy, eosinophilia,
and infection Am. J. Roentgenol. 1995 164: 185-187
1.2.1.1.1 CTA or MRA of the chest and
abdomen are the preferred examinations,
routine CT or MR are acceptable especially
if dissection is not the only diagnosis
under consideration. This is a true
emergency with mortality increasing about 1%
per hour. Michelle A. McMahon and
Christopher A. Squirrell Multidetector CT of
Aortic Dissection: A Pictorial Review
Radiographics March 2010 30:445-460
1.2.1.2.1 Absent distal pulses
1.2.1.2.2 Acute onset of severe chest, upper
back, or abdominal pain.
1.2.1.2.3 Pain with abnormal appearance of
aorta on prior imaging
1.2.1.2.4 Prior Aneurysm Repair
1.2.1.2.5 Unequal blood pressure in arms
1.2.1.3.1 ACR Appropriateness Criteria®
Acute Chest Pain-Suspected Aortic Dissection
2008
1.2.1.3.2 A. Khan and Chandra K. Nair
Clinical, Diagnostic, and Management
Perspectives of Aortic Dissection Chest July
2002 122:311-328;
1.2.1.3.3 Kersting-Sommerhoff, BA, Sechtem,
UP, Fisher, MR, Higgins, CB MR imaging of
congenital anomalies of the aortic arch Am.
J. Roentgenol. 1987 149 9-13
1.2.1.3.4 Paul J. Arpasi, Kostaki G. Bis,
Anil N. Shetty, Richard D. White, and
Orlando P. Simonetti MR Angiography of the
Thoracic Aorta with an
Electrocardiographically Triggered
Breath-Hold Contrast-enhanced Sequence
RadioGraphics 2000 20: 107-120.
1.2.1.3.5 Prince MR. Gadolinium-enhanced MR
aortography. Radiology 1994; 191:155-164.
1.2.1.3.6 Roche, Kevin J., Rivera, Rafael,
Argilla, Michael, Fefferman, Nancy R.,
Pinkney, Lynne P., Rusinek, Henry, Genieser,
Nancy B. Assessment of Vasculature Using
Combined MRI and MR Angiography Am. J.
Roentgenol. 2004 182: 861-866
1.2.1.3.7 Patel, Pawan D., Arora, Rohit R.
Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management
of aortic dissection Therapeutic Advances in
Cardiovascular Disease 2008 2: 439-468
1.2.1.3.8 G. Sutsch et al, Predictability of
aortic dissection as a function of aortic
diameter Eur. Heart J., Jan 1991; 12: 1247 –
1256.
1.2.1.3.9 Robert G. Hayter, James T. Rhea,
Andrew Small, Faranak S. Tafazoli, and
Robert A. Novelline Suspected Aortic
Dissection and Other Aortic Disorders:
Multi-Detector Row CT in 373 Cases in the
Emergency Setting Radiology 2006 238:
841-852
1.2.2.1 Pend for Physician Review as a CTA Chest
(71275) is the preferred study
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT Angiography in Pa
tients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Embolism:
Case Finding or Screening Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D.
Mamlouk, Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia, David
Drachman, Daniel Gridley, Jesus G. Zamora,
Giovanna Casola, and Sanford Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography:
Implications for Appropriateness, Cost, and
Radiation Exposure in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632
Patel S, Kazerooni EA.
Helical CT for the evaluation of acute pulmonary
embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149 Stein PD,
Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for acute
pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier A, Roy
PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in
suspected pulmo
nary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
1.3.1 Negative prior work up for ACE therapy
1.3.2 Negative prior work up for Asthma
1.3.3 Negative prior work up for GERD
1.3.4 Negative prior work up for Upper AirwayCough
Syndrome (UACS or PND)
1.3.5.1 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
2007 Stephen J. McPhee, Maxine A. Papadakis, and
Lawrence M. Tierney, Jr., Eds. Ralph Gonzales,
Roni Zeiger, Online Eds. Cough Ralph Gonzales, MD,
MSPH
1.4.1 Known Malignancy (Lung or Mediastinum)
Thurer, RL,, Evaluation of Mediastinal Masses in
UpToDate Online Accessed 7/5/07 Sabiston Textbook
of Surgery Copyright © 2004 Elsevier. p. 1739
1.5.1.1 Pend for Physician Review as a CTA Chest
(71275) is the preferred study
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT Angiography in Patients Suspected
of Having Pulmonary Embolism: Case Finding or
Screening Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D.
Mamlouk, Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia, David
Drachman, Daniel Gridley, Jesus G. Zamora,
Giovanna Casola, and Sanford Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography:
Implications for Appropriateness, Cost, and
Radiation Exposure in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632
Patel S, Kazerooni EA.
Helical CT for the evaluation of acute pulmonary
embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149 Stein PD,
Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for acute
pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier A, Roy
PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in
suspected pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
Gonzales Ralph, Nadler Paul L, “Chapter 2. Common
Symptoms” (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA,
Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2009:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=79
1.7.1.1 CT neck should be performed before a CT of
the chest is approved for hoarseness. According to
the ACR Guidelines the CT of the neck will include
structures in the upper chest, to about the level
of the carina, that might contribute to
hoarseness.
1.
7.1.2.1
ACR PRACTICE GUIDELINE FOR THE PERFORMANCE
OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) OF THE
EXTRACRANIAL HEAD AND NECK IN ADULTS AND
CHILDREN
accessed at
www.acr.org/SecondaryMainMenuCategories/quality_safety/guidelines/dx/head-neck/ct_head_neck.aspx
5/11/11
1.7.2 Laryngoscopy nondiagnostic
1.7.3 Persists for > ten days
1.7.4.1 Richardson BE et al. Clinical evaluation
of vocal fold paralysis. Otolaryngol Clin North
Am. 2004 Feb;37(1):45-58.
1.7.4.2 Case report: Collapse, hoarseness of the
voice and swelling and bruising of the neck: an
unusual presentation of thoracic aortic dissection
W Al-Hity, M J Playforth Emerg Med J
2001;18:508-509
1.7.4.3 New Clinical Guideline for Hoarseness
Offers Assessment and Treatment Advice Mike Mitka
JAMA. 2009;302(18):1954-1956
1.8.1 See Aortic dissection suspected
1.8.2.1.1 Cough
1.8.2.1.2 Dyspnea, acute onset
1.8.2.1.3 Hemoptysis
1.8.2.1.4 Tachypnea
1.8.2.1.5 Pleuritic chest pain
1.8.2.2.1 Age over 65
1.8.2.2.2 Immobiliztion, Recent or Current
1.8.2.2.3 Known DVT or Pulmonary Embolus
1.8.2.2.4 Known Malignancy
1.8.2.2.5 Excess Estrogen State
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT Angiography in Patients Suspected of
Having Pulmonary Embolism: Case Finding or
Screening Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D. Mamlouk,
Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia, David Drachman,
Daniel Gridley, Jesus G. Zamora, Giovanna Casola,
and Sanford Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography: Implications
for Appropriateness, Cost, and Radiation Exposure
in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632 Patel S, Kazerooni
EA.
Hel
ical CT for the evaluation of acute pulmonary
embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149 Stein PD,
Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for acute
pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier A, Roy
PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in suspected
pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
1.9.1.1.1 Cough
1.9.1.1.2 Dyspnea, acute onset
1.9.1.1.3 Hemoptysis
1.9.1.1.4 Tachypnea
1.9.1.1.5 Pleuritic chest pain
1.9.1.2.1 Age over 65
1.9.1.2.2 Immobiliztion, Recent or Current
1.9.1.2.3 Known DVT or Pulmonary Embolus
1.9.1.2.4 Known Malignancy
1.9.1.2.5 Excess Estrogen State
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT Angiography in Patients
Suspected of Having Pulmonary Embolism:
Case Finding or Screening Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D.
Mamlouk, Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia,
David Drachman, Daniel Gridley, Jesus G.
Zamora, Giovanna Casola, and Sanford
Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography:
Implications for Appropriateness, Cost,
and Radiation Exposure in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632
Patel S, Kazerooni EA.
Helical CT for the evaluation of acute
pulmonary embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149
Stein PD, Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for
acute pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier
A, Roy PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in
suspected pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
1.10.1.1.1 Cough
1.10.1.1.2 Dyspnea, acute onset
1.10.1.1.3 Hemoptysis
1.10.1.1.4 Tachypnea
1.10.1.1.5 Pleuritic chest pain
1.10.1.2.1 Age over 65
1.10.1.2.2 Immobiliztion, Recent or Current
1.10.1.2.3 Known DVT or Pulmonary Embolus
1.10.1.2.4 Known Malignancy
1.10.1.2.5 Excess Estrogen State
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT Angiography in Patients
Suspected of Having Pulmonary Embolism:
Case Finding or Screening Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D.
Mamlouk, Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia,
David Drachman, Daniel Gridley, Jesus G.
Zamora, Giovanna Casola, and Sanford
Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography:
Implications for Appropriateness, Cost,
and Radiation Exposure in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632
Patel S, Kazerooni EA.
Helical CT for the evaluation of acute
pulmonary embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149
Stein PD, Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for
acute pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier
A, Roy PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in
suspected pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
1.11 Weight loss (involuntary) of more than 5% body weight over
6 months
2.1.1 Aneurysm on prior examination
2.1.2 Aortic Arch abnormal on CXR
2.1.3 Arch or Descending Aorta > 3.5 cm diameter on CXR
2.1.4 Ascending Aorta > 4.5cm cm diameter on CXR
2.1.5 Marfan’s, Turner’s or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Elefteriades John A, Olin Jeffrey W, Halperin
Jonathan L, “Chapter 105. Diseases of the Aorta”
(Chapter). Fuster V, O’Rourke RA, Walsh RA,
Poole-Wilson P, Eds. King SB, Roberts R, Nash IS,
Prystowsky EN, Assoc. Eds.: Hurst’s The Heart, 12th
Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3075150
. Eli Atar, Alexander Belenky, Menashe Hadad, Ehud
Ranany, Shlomo Baytner, and Gil N. Bachar MR
Angiography for Abdominal and Thoracic Aortic
Aneurysms: Assessment Before Endovascular Repair in
Patients with Impaired Renal Function Am. J.
Roentgenol., Feb 2006; 186: 386 – 393. Eric M.
Isselbacher Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Circulation, Feb 2005; 111: 816 – 828. Christian
Olsson, Stefan Thelin, Elisabeth Ståhle, Anders
Ekbom, and Fredrik Granath Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
and Dissection: Increasing Prevalence and Improved
Outcomes Reported in a Nationwide Population-Based
Study of More Than 14 000 Cases From 1987 to 2002
Circulation, Dec 2006; 114: 2611 – 2618. S. Iliceo,
G. Ettorre, et al Diagnosis of aneurysm of the
thoracic aorta. Comparison between two non invasive
techniques: two-dimensional echocardiography and
computed tomography Eur. Heart J., Jul 1984; 5: 545
– 555.
2.2.1.1 CTA or MRA of the chest and abdomen are
the preferred examinations, routine CT or MR are
acceptable especially if dissection is not the
only diagnosis under consideration. This is a true
emergency with mortality increasing about 1% per
hour. Michelle A. McMahon and Christopher A.
Squirrell Multidetector CT of Aortic Dissection: A
Pictorial Review Radiographics March 2010
30:445-460
2.2.2.1 Absent distal pulses
2.2.2.2 Acute onset of severe chest, upper back,
or abdominal pain
2.2.2.3 Pain with abnormal appearance of aorta on
prior imaging
2.2.2.4 Prior Aneurysm Repair
2.2.2.5 Unequal blood pressure in arms
ACR Appropriateness Criteria®
Acute Chest Pain-Suspected Aortic Dissection
2008
Khan and Chandra K. Nair Clinical,
Diagnostic, and Management Perspectives of
Aortic Dissection
Chest July 2002 122:311-328; Kersting-Sommerhoff,
BA, Sechtem, UP, Fisher, MR, Higgins,
CB MR imaging of congenital anomalies of the
aortic arch
Am. J. Roentgenol. 1987 149 9-13 Paul J. Arpasi,
Kostaki G. Bis, Anil N. Shetty, Richard D. White,
and Orlando P. Simonetti
MR Angiography of the Thoracic Aorta with an
Electrocardiographically Triggered Breath-Hold
Contrast-enhanced Sequence
RadioGraphics 2000 20: 107-120. Prince MR.
Gadolinium-enhanced MR aortography
. Radiology 1994; 191:155-164.Roche, Kevin J.,
Rivera, Rafael, Argilla, Michael, Fefferman, Nancy
R., Pinkney, Lynne P., Rusinek, Henry, Genieser,
Nancy B.
Assessment of Vasculature Using Combined MRI and
MR Angiography
Am. J. Roentgenol. 2004 182: 861-866 Patel, Pawan
D., Arora, Rohit R.
Pathop
hysiology, diagnosis, and management of aortic
dissection
Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease
2008 2: 439-468 G. Sutsch et al,
Predictability of aortic dissection as a
function of aortic diameter
Eur. Heart J., Jan 1991; 12: 1247 – 1256.
2.3.1 Diagnosis established with spirometry
2.3.2 Chest x-ray not diagnostic
Catherine Beigelman-Aubry, André Capderou,
Philippe A. Grenier, Christian Straus,
Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Thomas Similowski, and
Marc Zelter Mild Intermittent Asthma: CT
Assessment of Bronchial Cross-sectional Area and
Lung Attenuation at Controlled Lung Volume
Radiology April 2002 223:181-187;
McKenzie SA. Difficult asthma in children. Eur
Respir Review 2000;60:18 -22
Marchac, Valentine, Emond, Sophie, Mamou-Mani,
Tania, Le Bihan-Benjamin, Christine, le Bourgeois,
Muriel, de Blic, Jacques, Scheinmann, Pierre,
Brunelle, Francis Thoracic CT in Pediatric
Patients with Difficult-to-Treat Asthma Am. J.
Roentgenol. 2002 179: 1245-1252
2.4.1 Note Plexopathy refers to an abnormality of the
complex of nerve roots exiting the spine and organizing
into the nerves serving the arm, trunk or legs. Symptoms
may include burning, tingling, or numbness in a
circumferential or dermatomal distribution. The symptoms
may radiate to the hand or remain localized in the neck.
2.4.2.1.1.1 Aliya Qayyum, A. David
MacVicar, Anwar R. Padhani, Patrick
Revell, and Janet E. S. Husband
Symptomatic Brachial Plexopathy
following Treatment for Breast
Cancer: Utility of MR Imaging with
Surface-Coil Techniques Radiology
March 2000 214:837-842
2.4.2.1.2.1 Bowen, BC, Verma, A,
Brandon, AH, Fiedler, JA
Radiation-induced brachial
plexopathy: MR and clinical findings
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996 17:
1932-1936
2.4.2.1.3 Palpable mass in neck or
shoulder area
2.4.2.1.4 Truama, including at birth
2.4.2.2.1 Numbness
2.4.2.2.2 Paresthesias
2.4.2.2.3 Radiating pain
2.4.2.2.4 Weakness
ACR Appropriateness Criteria
Plexopathy
p10 Accessed 12/28/08 Aliya Qayyum, A. David
MacVicar, Anwar R. Padhani, Patrick Revell,
and Janet E. S. Husband
Symptomatic Brachial Plexopathy following
Treatment for Breast Cancer: Utility of MR
Imaging with Surface-Coil Techniques
Radiology 2000 214: 837-842. BC Bowen, A
Verma, AH Brandon, and JA Fiedler
Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy: MR
and clinical findings
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., Nov 1996; 17: 1932
– 1936. Neurosurgical Focus Posted
04/02/2007 Accessed 1/4/09 @
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/553963_1
Bowen B, Seidenwurm DJ, Davis P, et al
, Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging,
American College of Radiology,
Appropriateness Criteria, Plexopathy,
accessed at
http://www.acr.org/SecondaryMainMenuCategories/quality_safety/app_criteria/pdf/ExpertPanelonNeurologicImaging/PlexopathyDoc12.asp
12/28/08 Devin K. Binder, M.D., Ph.D.;
Justin S. Smith, M.D., Ph.D.; Nicholas M.
Barbaro, M.D
Primary Brachial Plexus Tumors: Imaging,
Surgical, and Pathological Findings in 25
Patients
Neurosurgical Focus Medscape Radiology
accessed 12/28/08 Edward Fathers, David
Thrush, Susan M Huson, and Andrew Norman
Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy in
women treated for carcinoma of the breast
Clinical Rehabilitation, Feb 2002; 16: 160 –
165. Neoplastic Brachial Plexopathy Author:
Mark A Wren, MD, MPH, Medical Director,
Department of Physical Medicine and
Rehabilitation, HealthSouth Rehabilitation
Hospital of Texarkana eMedicine Specialties
> Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
>
Plexopathy
Updated: Jan 19, 2010 Accesed 3/15/10
Vincent J. Miele, M.D.; John A. Norwig,
A.T.C.; Julian E. Bailes, M.D.
Sideline and Ringside Evaluation for Brain
and Spinal Injuries
Walker, AT, Chaloupka, JC, de Lotbiniere,
AC, Wolfe, SW, Goldman, R, Kier, EL
Detection of nerve rootlet avulsion on CT
myelography in patie
nts with birth palsy and brachial plexus
injury after trauma
Am. J. Roentgenol. 1996 167: 1283-1287 T.
Yoshikawa, N. Hayashi, S. Yamamoto, Y.
Tajiri, N. Yoshioka, T. Masumoto, H. Mori,
O. Abe, S. Aoki, and K. Ohtomo
Brachial Plexus Injury: Clinical Mani
festations, Conventional Imaging Findings,
and the Latest Imaging Techniques
RadioGraphics, October 1, 2006; 26(suppl_1):
S133 – S143.
TAVAKKOLIZADEH, A. SAIFUDDIN, and R. BIRCH
Imaging of Adult Brachial Plexus Traction
Injuries
J Hand Surg Eur Vol., June 1, 2001; 26(3):
183 – 191
2.5 Boerhaave’ Syndrome See Esophageal Rupture
2.6.1 Cough
2.6.2 Production of mucopurulent sputum
2.6.3 Hemoptysis
2.6.4 Dyspnea
2.6.5 Wheezing or crackles
2.6.6 Pleuritic chest pain
2.6.7 Digital clubbing
2.6.8 Bronchiectasis on prior CXR
2.6.9 History of cystic fibrosis
2.6.10 Primary ciliary dyskinesia
2.6.11 Known alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
2.6.12.1 Chronic moist/productive cough
2.6.12.2 Asthma that does not respond to treatment
2.6.12.3 Asthma that does not respond to treatment
2.6.12.4 Recurrent pneumonia
2.6.12.5 Unexplained hemoptysis
2.6.12.6 Positive sputum culture
Kerby Gwendolyn S, Deterding Robin R,
Balasubramaniam Vivek, Sagel Scott D, Cavanaugh
Keith L, Federico Monica J, “Chapter 18.
Respiratory Tract & Mediastinum
” (Chapter). Hay WW, Jr., Levin MJ, Sondheimer JM,
Deterding RR: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment:
Pediatrics, 19th Edition:
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. Dodd, Jonathan D., Souza, Carolina A., Muller,
Nestor L.
Conventional High-Resolution CT Versu
s Helical High-Resolution MDCT in the Detection of
Bronchiectasis
Am. J. Roentgenol. 2006 187: 414-420
2.7.1.1 FEV1, FVC, and the FEV1/FVC (FEV1% ratio)
are reduced
2.7.2 Distant breath sounds
2.7.3 Known with worsening symptoms
Prendergast Thomas J, Ruoss Stephen J, “Chapter 9.
Pulmonary Disease” (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Ganong
WF: Pathophysiology of Disease, 5th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2094128.
accessed 1/16/09
2.8.1.1 Instrumentation of any kind
2.8.1.2 Wretching or vomiting
UptoDate 18.2:
George Triadafilopoulos, MD
Boerha
ave’s syndrome: Effort rupture of the esophagus
Perforation of the esophagus: correlation of
site and cause with plain film findings.
Han SY; McElvein RB; Aldrete JS; Tishler JM AJR Am
J Roentgenol 1985 Sep;145(3):537-40.
Esophageal injuries: spectrum of
multidetector row CT findings.
de Lutio di Castelguidone E; Merola S; Pinto A;
Raissaki M; Gagliardi N; Romano L Eur J Radiol.
2006 Sep;59(3):344-8.
2.9.1 Known or suspected based on prior imaging or
abnormal pulmonary function test
2.9.2 Persistent nonproductive cough
2.9.3 Hemoptysis
2.9.4.1 Sarcoidosis
2.9.4.2 Collagen vascular diseases (scleroderma,
dermatomyositis, SLE/lupus, rheumatoid arthritis,
polymyositis, sjogren syndrome, mixed connective
tissue disease)
2.9.4.3 Tuberous sclerosis
2.9.4.4 Wegener’s granulomatosis
2.9.4.5 Bronchiolitis obliterns organizing
pneumonia (BOOP)
2.9.4.6 Occupational exposure (asbestosis,
silicosis)
2.9.5 Drug related diseases
2.9.6 Interstitial infiltrate on a recent chest x-ray
with or without abnormal PFT’s
2.9.7 Interstitial lung disease suspected in children,
with or without abnormal PFT’s
2.9.8.1 Bourke, S J; Interstitial lung disease:
progress and problems; Postgrad Med J 2006 82:
494-499
2.9.8.2 Du Bois, R M Fortnightly Review: Diffuse
lung disease: an approach to management BMJ
1994;309:175
2.10.1 Recurrent in the same location
2.10.2 Unresponsive to treatment.
2.11.1 Pend for Physician Review as a CTA Chest (71275) is
the preferred study
Massimo Pistolesi
Pulmonary CT A
ngiography in Patients Suspected of Having
Pulmonary Embolism: Case Finding or Screening
Procedure?
Radiology August 2010 256:334-337; Mark D. Mamlouk,
Eric vanSonnenberg, Rishi Gosalia, David Drachman,
Daniel Gridley, Jesus G. Zamora, Giovanna Casola,
and Sanford Ornstein
Pulmonary Embolism at CT Angiography: Implications
for Appropriateness, Cost, and Radiation Exposure
in 2003 Patients
Radiology August 2010 256:625-632
Patel S, Kazerooni EA.
Helical CT for the evaluation of acute pulmonary
embolism.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):135–149 Stein PD,
Fowler SE, Goodman LR, et al.
Multidetector computed tomography for acute
pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2006;354(22):2317–2327 Perrier A, Roy
PM, Sanchez O, et al.
Multidetector-row computed tomography in
suspected pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med 2005;352(17):1760–1768
2.12.1 Bilateral Hilar adenopathy
2.12.2 Uveitis
2.12.3 Elevated serum calcium (hypercalcemia)
2.12.4 Optic Neuritis
2.12.5 Skin rash
Baughman RP, Lower EE. Chapter 329.
Sarcoidosis
. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds.
Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine
. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=9138725
. Accessed October 18, 2012
Sarcoidosis: Clinical Presentation,
Immunopathogenesis, and Therapeutics
Michael C. Iannuzzi, Joseph R. Fontana JAMA.
2012;305(4):391-399.
Sarcoidosis: correlation of extent of disease at
CT with clinical, functional, and radiographic
findings.
Müller NL, Mawson JB, Mathieson JR, Abboud R,
Ostrow DN, Champion P Radiology. 1989;171(3):613.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis
. Baughman RP Clin Chest Med. 2004;25(3):521
Radiologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in
various organs.
Koyama T, Ueda H, Togashi K, Umeoka S, Kataoka M,
Nagai S Radiographics. 2004;24(1):87.
2.13.1.1 History of at least 20 pack years (daily
number of packs smoked multiplied by the number of
years smoked)
2.13.1.2 Currently smoking or smoked within the
last 15 years
2.13.1.3 Aged between 50 and 80 years
2.13.2.1 History of at least 20 pack years (daily
number of packs smoked multiplied by the number of
years smoked)
2.13.2.2Currently smoking, or smoked within the
last 15 years
2.13.2.3 Aged between 50 and 77 years
Draft Recommendation Statement USPTF Accesses
10/28/2013 at
http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf13/lungcan/lungcandraftrec.htm
http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/pdf/10.1148/rg.2015150079
US Preventive Services Task Force Lung Cancer
Screening Recommendations, March 9, 2021
https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening
2.14.1 facial or neck swelling,
2.14.2 bilateral upper extremity swelling,
2.14.3 dyspnea,
2.14.4 headache,
2.14.5 cough
2.15.1 Known Malignancy (Lung or Mediastinum)
2.15.2.1 Thurer, RL,, Evaluation of Mediastinal
Masses in UpToDate Online Accessed 7/5/07
2.15.2.2 Sabiston Textbook of Surgery Copyright ©
2004 Elsevier. p. 1739
2.16.1 Anterior mediastinal mass
2.16.2 Myesthenia gravis
2.16.3 Phrenic nerve palsy,
2.16.4 Superior vena cava obstruction
2.16.5 Ptosis or drooping of the eyelid
2.16.6 Diplopia or double vision
2.16.7 Nasal speech
2.16.8 Difficulty chewing or swallowing
2.16.9 Facial paresis
2.16.10 Proximal limb weakness
2.16.11 Chest pain
2.16.12 Dysphagia
2.16.13 Hoarseness
2.16.15.1 Pure red cell aplasia
2.16.15.2 Hypogammaglbulinemia
2.16.15.3 Pure white cell aplasia
2.16.15.4 Multi organ autoimmunity
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 17th Edition (2004)
Townsend et al, eds; p1746
NCCN Practice Guidelines in
Oncology
– v.2.2009 Thymic Malignancies Maher MM, Shephard
JA.
Imaging of thymoma
. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005;17:12-19 Lewis
JE, Wick MR, Scheithauer BW, Bernatz PE, Taylor WF
.
Thymoma:
A clinicopathologic review.
Cancer. 1987;60(11):2727.
2.17.1 Hempotysis
2.17.2 Respiratory distress
2.17.3 Pneumothorax
2.17.4 Acute chest pain
2.17.5 Rales or crackles
2.17.6 Bronchiectasis
2.17.7 Recurrent respiratory infections
2.18.1.1. Decreased serum sodium
2.18.2 Hypercalcemia
2.18.3 Carcinoid syndrome
2.18.4 Glomerulonephritis
2.18.5 Thrombophlebitis
2.19.1.2 Urine culture not diagnostic
2.19.1.3 Tuberculin skin test
2.19.1.4 HIV antibody assay and HIV viral
load for patients at high risk
2.19.1.5 Negative chest x-ray
Koelsch TL, Chung JH, Lynch DA. Clin
Chest
Med. 2015 Jun;36(2):269-82, ix. doi:
10.1016/j.ccm.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Apr
1.
High-resolution
CT
of
interstitial lung disease
: a continuous evolution.
Walsh SL, Hansell DM.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2014
Feb;35(1):129-44. doi:
10.1055/s-0033-1363458. Epub 2014 Jan 30.
Scoring of
chest
CT
in children with
cystic fibrosis
: state of the art.
Calder AD, Bush A, Brody AS, Owens CM.
Pediatr Radiol. 2014 Dec;44(12):1496-506.
doi: 10.1007/s00247-013-2867-y. Epub 2014
Aug 28.
Bronchiectasis: new approaches to
diagnosis and management.
Feldman C. Clin
Chest
Med. 2011 Sep;32(3):535-46. doi:
10.1016/j.ccm.2011.05.002.
An official American Thoracic
Society/American College of
Chest
Physicians policy statement: the
Choosing Wisely top five list in adult
pulmonary
medicine.
Wiener RS, Ouellette DR, Diamond E, Fan
VS, Maurer JR, Mularski RA, Peters JI,
Halpern SD; American Thoracic Society;
American College of
Chest
Physicians.
Chest
. 2014 Jun;145(6):1383-91. doi:
10.1378/chest.14-0670.
3.1.1 Note: A complex CT exam is often called for,
including analysis of function by imaging once at
inspiration and once at expiration.
Kyprianou Andreas, Feinsilver Steven, “CONCISE
REVIEW: Diaphragmatic Dysfunction and Its
Evaluation” (Update). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper
DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J:
Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th
Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/updatesContent.aspx?aid=395735
3.2 Pleural fluid on prior imaging or physical examination
3.3.1 facial or neck swelling
3.3.2 bilateral upper extremity swelling
3.3.3 dyspnea
3.3.4 headache
3.3.5 cough
3.4.1 Aortic dissection suspected
Robert G. Hayter, James T. Rhea, Andrew Small,
Faranak S. Tafazoli, and Robert A. Novelline
Suspected Aortic Dissection and Other Aortic
Disorders: Multi-Detector Row CT in 373 Cases in the
Emergency Setting Radiology 2006 238: 841-852 Louise
A. Prince, Gary A. Johnson in Tintinalli’s Emergency
Medicine:A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6th Edition
Judith E. Tintinalli, MD, MS, Gabor D. Kelen, MD, J.
Stephan Stapczynski, MD, O. John Ma, MD and David M.
Cline, MD Eds. The American College of Emergency
Physicians> Section 7: Cardiovascular Disease
> Chapter 58. Aortic Dissection and Aneurysms
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 17th Edition (2004)
Townsend et al, eds; pp1907 – 1913
3.5 Vocal cord paralysis, unilateral
4.1 Abnormal or dilated aorta on CXR or abdominal US
4.2.1 Any atalectasis persisting for > 2 days by CXR
4.2.2 Whole segment, lobe or lung
4.3 Bleb, on prior imaging study
4.4.1 Change in clinical condition
4.5 Cavitation on prior imaging
4.6.1 Note: A complex CT exam is often called for,
including analysis of function by imaging once at
inspiration and once at expiration
4.6.2.1
Kyprianou Andreas, Feinsilver Steven, “CONCISE
REVIEW: Diaphragmatic Dysfunction and Its
Evaluation” (Update). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper
DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J:
Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th
Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/updatesContent.aspx?aid=395735
4.7 DVT by sonography
4.8.1 3, 6, 12 month follow-up after initial discovery,
then annually for two years
Chang Min Park, Jin Mo Goo, Hyun Ju Lee, Chang
Hyun Lee, Eun Ju Chun, and Jung-Gi Im
Nodular Ground-Glass Opacity at Thin-Section CT:
Histologic Correlation and Evaluation of Change
at Follow-up
RadioGraphics 2007 27: 391-408. :The
popularization of computed tomography (CT) in
clinical practiceand the introduction of mass
screening for early lung cancerwith the use of CT
have increased the frequency of findingsof subtle
nodules or nodular ground-glass opacity. Nodular
ground-glassopacity may be observed in
malignancies such as bronchioloalveolarcarcinoma
and adenocarcinoma, as well as in their putative
precursors,such as atypical adenomatous
hyperplasia. Nodular ground-glassopacity also may
be seen in the presence of benign
conditions,including focal interstitial fibrosis,
inflammation, and hemorrhage.The persistence of
nodular ground-glass opacity over time maybe
strongly suggestive of an early-stage malignancy,
especiallyif the lesion increases in size or
includes a solid componentthat increases in its
extent. Persistent nodular ground-glassopacity
also may remain stable in size but show increased
attenuation.The more extensive the solid portions
of the lesion, the higherthe probability of
malignancy and the poorer the prognosis.An
awareness of the clinical setting, in addition to
familiaritywith the thin-section CT features of
nodular ground-glass opacityat initial and
follow-up imaging over several months, can
helpidentify malignancy and achieve an accurate
diagnosis. A meticulousevaluation of those CT
features, and their correlation withspecific
histopathologic characteristics, also may enable
amore accurate prognosis in cases of neoplastic
disease. et al reported that the margin
characteristics and thesizes of foci of nodular
ground-glass opacity were not helpfulfor
differentiating between benign and malignant
lesions. Instead,they identified benign lesions on
the basis of the apparentresolution of nodular
ground-glass opacity at short-term follow-upCT;
benign lesions, except focal interstitial
fibrosis, resolvedpartially or completely within 3
months after initial CT.Benign lesions that are
due to inflammation, focal hemorrhage,or edema
might resolve spontaneously or after appropriate
therapywith antibiotics or steroids.
Li F, Sone S, Abe H, MacMahon H, Doi K.
Malignant versus benign nodules at CT screening
for lung cancer: comparison of thin-section CT
findings.
Radiology 2004;233:793-798
Hara M, Oda K, Ogino H, et al.
Focal fibrosis as a cause of localized ground
glass attenuation (GGA): CT and MR findings
. Radiat Med 2002; 20:93-95
C. M. Park, J. M. Goo, H. J. Lee, C. H. Lee, E. J.
Chun, and J.-G. Im
Nodular Ground-Glass Opacity at Thin-Section CT:
Histologic Correlation and Evaluation of Change
at Follow-up
RadioGraphics, March 1, 2007; 27(2): 391 – 408.
4.9 Hilar enlargement on prior imaging
4.10 Hyperaeration of lung field on prior imaging
4.11.1.1 Less than 6 mm, CT at 12 months and no
further follow-up if unchanged
4.11.1.2 6 – 8 mm, CT at 6 – 12 months then CT at
18 – 24 months
4.11.1.3 Greater than 8 mm, consider CT at 3
months, PET/CT, or tissue sampling
4.11.2.1 Less than 6 mm, No routine follow-up
4.11.2.2 6 – 8 mm, CT at 6 – 12 months then
consider CT at 18 – 24 months
4.11.2.3 Greater than 8 mm, consider CT at 3
months, PET/CT, or tissue sampling
4.11.3.1.1 Less than 6 mm, CT at 12 months
and no further follow-up if unchanged
4.11.3.1.2 6 – 8 mm, CT at 3 – 6 months then
CT at 18 – 24 months
4.11.3.1.3 Greater than 8 mm, CT at 3 – 6
months then CT at 18 – 24 months
4.11.3.2.1 Less than 6 mm, No routine
follow-up
4.11.3.2.2 6 – 8 mm, CT at 3 – 6 months then
CT at 18 – 24 months
4.11.3.2.3 Greater than 8 mm, CT at 3 – 6
months then CT at 18 – 24 months
4.11.4 Nodule or nodules in patient <35 years of age,
one low dose CT at 6-12 months
4.11.5 REFERENCE: MacMahon H, Naidich DP, Goo JM, et al.
Guidelines for Management of Incidental Pulmonary
Nodules Detected on CT Images: From the Fleischner
Society 2017.
Radiology
July 2017; 284 (1): 228-243.
https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiol.2017161659
4.12.1 Age >35
4.12.2 Enlarged compared to prior exam
4.12.3 Age <35 with equivocal, eccentric or no
calcifications on prior exam
4.12.4 Smoker
4.12.5 Known malignancy elsewhere
4.12.6 Abnormal findings at the lung base on recent CT of
the abdomen
Helen T. Winer-Muram,
The Solitary Pulmonary Nodule,
Radiology 2006 239: 34-49.
MacMahon H, Austin JHM, Gamsu G, et al.,
Guidelines for
management of small pulmonary nodultes detected
on CT scans: A statement from the Fleischner
Society,
Radiology, 2005; 237:395 Henschke CI, Yankelevitz
DF, Naidich DP, et al. CT
screening for lung cancer: suspiciousness of
nodules according to size on bas
eline scans.
Radiology 2004;231(1):164-168
Clinical Significance of Small Pulmonary Nodules
with Little or No 18F-FDG Uptake on PET/CT
Images of Patients with Nonthoracic Malignancies
Joo Hyun O, Ie Ryung Yoo, Sung Hoon Kim, Hyung Sun
Sohn, and Soo Kyo Chung J Nucl Med 48: 15-21.
Tissue Characterization of Solitary Pulmonary
Nodule: Comparative Study Between Helical
Dynamic CT and Integrated PET/CT
Chin A Yi, Kyung Soo Lee, Byung-Tae Kim, Joon
Young Choi, O. Jung Kwon, Hojoong Kim, Young Mog
Shim, and Myung Jin Chung J Nucl Med 47: 443-450
Frank C. Detterbeck, Steven Falen, M. Patricia
Rivera, Jan S. Halle, and Mark A. Socinski
Seeking a Home for a PET, Part 1 : Defining the
Appropriate Place for Positron Emission
Tomography Imaging in the Diagnosis of Pulmo
nary Nodules or Masses
Chest June 2004 125:2294-2299 Frank C. Detterbeck,
Steven Falen, M. Patricia Rivera, Jan S. Halle,
and Mark A. Socinski
Seeking a Home for a PET, Part 1 : Defining the
Appropriate Place for Positron Emission
Tomography Imaging in th
e Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules or Masses
Chest June 2004 125:2294-2299
Keith Robert L, “
Chapter 41. Bronchogenic Carcinoma &
Solitary Pulmonary Nodules” (Chapter). Hanley
ME, Welsh CH: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment
in Pulmonary Medicine
:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=578809
.
4.13 Pleural fluid on prior imaging or physical examination
4.14.1 Asbestos exposure
McLoud, TC, Woods, BO, Carrington, CB, Epler, GR,
Gaensler, EA Diffuse pleural thickening in an
asbestos-exposed population: prevalence and causes
Am. J. Roentgenol. 1985 144: 9-18 Henk Kramer,
Remge M. Pieterman, Dirk-Jan Slebos, Wim Timens,
Willem Vaalburg, Gerard H. Koëter, and Harry J.M.
Groen PET for the Evaluation of Pleural Thickening
Observed on CT J Nucl Med 45: 995-998. D R
Warakaulle, and Z C Traill Imaging of pleural
disease Imaging 16: 10-21, Kim, FM, Fennessy, JJ
Pleural thickening caused by leukemic
infiltration: CT findings Am. J. Roentgenol. 1994
162: 293-294
4.15.1.1 Bourke, S J; Interstitial lung disease:
progress and problems; Postgrad Med J 2006 82:
494-499
4.15.1.2 Du Bois, R M Fortnightly Review: Diffuse
lung disease: an approach to management BMJ
1994;309:175
4.16 Sputum Cytology suggest malignancy
5.1.1 Changed clinical situation
5.1.2 Interval follow up
Franziska Albrecht, Friedrich Eckstein, and Peter
Matt Is close radiographic and clinical control
after repair of acute type A aortic dissection
really necessary for improved long-term survival?
Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg 2010;11:620-625;
5.2.1.1.1 Cervix Cancer
5.2.1.1.2 Colon Cancer
5.2.1.1.3 Hodgkin’s Disease
5.2.1.1.4 Lymphoma
5.2.1.1.5 Melanoma
5.2.1.1.6 Renal Cell Cancer
5.2.1.1.7 Sarcomas
5.2.1.1.8 Testicular or germ cell cancer
5.2.1.1.9 Thymoma
5.2.1.2.1 Cough
5.2.1.2.2 CTA of the chest is preferred
5.2.1.2.3 Dyspnea, acute onset
5.2.1.2.4 Hemoptysis
5.2.1.2.5 Known DVT by sonography
5.2.1.2.6 Known Malignancy
5.2.1.2.7 Pleuritic chest pain
5.2.1.2.8 Tachypnea
5.2.1.3 Suspected lesion on chest radiograph
5.2.2.1 Airway compromise
5.2.2.2 Chest pain
5.2.2.3 Deteriorating radiographic or clinical
picture
5.2.2.4 Dysphagia
5.2.2.5 Hoarseness
5.2.2.6.1.1 NCCN Practice Guidelines
in Oncology v.2.2009 Non small cell
Lung Cancer p17 accessed 12/30/08
5.2.2.7 Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
5.2.3.1 Initial work up of invasive cancers
5.2.3.2 For ROUTINE follow up see oncology section
5.2.3.3.1 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines
in Breast Cancer V.1.2010 accessed 03/15/10
5.2.4.1 Initial work up
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in
Oncology™ Cervical Cancer V.1.2007 p.5
Kavanagh John J, Phan Alexandria T,
Tangjitgamol Siriwan, Ramirez Pedro T,
“Chapter 24.
Tumors of the Uterine Cervix” (
Chapter). Kantarjian HM, Wolff RA, Koller
CA: MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2795094
5.2.5.1 Initial work up
5.2.6.1 Initial evaluation
5.2.6.2 Following completion treatment
5.2.6.3.1 Cervical lymph node new or
enlarging
5.2.6.3.2 Chest pain
5.2.6.3.3 Cough
5.2.6.3.4 Dysphagia
5.2.6.3.5 Dyspnea
NCCN Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Esophageal Cancer
v.1.2009 Tae Jung Kim, Kyoung Ho Lee, Young
Hoon Kim, Sook Whan Sung, Sanghoon Jheon,
Suk-ki Cho, and Kyung Won Lee
Postopera
tive Imaging of Esophageal Cancer: What
Chest Radiologists Need to Know
RadioGraphics 2007 27: 409-429.
Yamabe, Yuichiro, Kuroki, Yoshifumi,
Ishikawa, Tsutomu, Miyakawa, Kunihisa,
Kuroki, Seiko, Sekiguchi, Ryuzo
Tumor Staging of Advanced Esophageal Cance
r: Combination of Double-Contrast
Esophagography and Contrast-Enhanced CT
Am. J. Roentgenol. 2008 191: 753-757
5.2.7.1 Initial work up, metastases suspected
5.2.7.2 Surveillance of asymptomatic patient at 6
month intervals
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in
OncologyHodkin Disease/LymphomaCancers
V.2.2009 accessed 1/22/09 American College
of Radiology ACR Appropriateness Criteria®
Clinical Condition: Staging
Evaluation-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 2005
5.2.8.1.1.1 Abnormal CXR
5.2.8.1.1.2 Cough
5.2.8.1.1.3 Hemoptysis
5.2.8.1.1.4 Hoarseness
5.2.8.2 Stage III or IV CT or PET/CT may be
approved
5.2.8.3.1 09NCCN Practice Guidelines in
Oncology v.2.2009 Melanoma accessed 12/30
5.2.9.1 Initial work up, metastases suspected
5.2.9.2 Surveillance of asymptomatic patient at 6
month intervals
Lam, JS, Shvarts, O, Leppert, JT, et al.
Postoperative surveillance protocol for
patients with localized and locally advanced
renal cell carcinoma based on a validated
prognostic nomogram and risk group
stratification system. J Urol 2005; 174:466
5.2.10.1 Initial work up, metastases suspected
5.2.10.2 Surveillance of asymptomatic patient at 3 –
6 month intervals
5.2.10.3.1 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines
in Oncology™ Sarcoma V.2.2007
5.2.11.1 Initial workup
5.2.11.2 Restaging
NCCN Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Testicular Cancer V2.2009 M. L. Harvey , T.
R. Geldart , R. Duell , G. M. Mead , and K.
Tung Routine computerised tomographic scans
of the thorax in surveillance of stage I
testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell
cancer-a necessary risk? Ann Oncol 13:
237-242. [Paper indicates no real value from
routine CT follow up, but increased risk of
radiation induced malignancy.] Sohaib, S.
Aslam, Koh, Dow-Mu, Husband, Janet E. The
Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis, Staging,
and Management of Testicular Cancer Am. J.
Roentgenol. 2008 191: 387-395 [Takes a more
favorable view of using chest CT. But
recognizes the risk.]
5.3.1 Surveillance or change in clinical picture
5.3.2.1 “The disorder is one of several resulting
from abnormalities in collagen and elastin. The
fragile skin can be susceptible to bruising and
poor healing of wounds, leaving ”cigarette paper“
scars ” Lichtman’s Atlas of Hematology A. External
Manifestations Marshall A. Lichtman, Jean A.
Shafer, Raymond E. Felgar, Nancy Wang Copyright ©
2007, by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Aneurysm
formation is also characteristic
5.4.1 Change in clinical status
5.4.2 Interval follow up
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 17th Edition (2004)
Townsend et al, eds; p 1909
Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery, 8th Edition F.
Charles Brunicardi, Dana K. Andersen, Timothy R.
Billiar, David L. Dunn, John G. Hunter, Jeffrey B.
Matthews, Raphael E. Pollock, Seymour I. Schwartz
Copyright © 2005, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Part II. Specific Considerations > Chapter 21.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Aortic Dissection
from
www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=805165
accessed 7/5/07
5.5 Mediastinal mass, known
5.6.1 Thymoma suspected
Drachman DB. Myasthenia gravis. N Engl J Med
1994;330:1797-1810
Thanvi, B R, Lo, T C N Update on myasthenia gravis
Postgrad Med J 2004 80: 690-700
5.7.1 Recurrent in the same location
5.7.2 Unresponsive to treatment.
5.8.1 To evaluate extent of disease
5.8.2 Interval follow up (annual)
5.8.3 Worsening symptoms
Baughman RP, Lower EE. Chapter 329. Sarcoidosis.
In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds. Harrison’s Principles
of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill; 2012.
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=9138725.
Accessed October 18, 2012
Sarcoidosis: Clinical Presentation,
Immunopathogenesis, and Therapeutics Michael C.
Iannuzzi, Joseph R. Fontana JAMA.
2012;305(4):391-399.
Sarcoidosis: correlation of extent of disease at
CT with clinical, functional, and radiographic
findings. Müller NL, Mawson JB, Mathieson JR,
Abboud R, Ostrow DN, Champion P Radiology.
1989;171(3):613.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis. Baughman RP Clin Chest Med.
2004;25(3):521
Radiologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in
various organs. Koyama T, Ueda H, Togashi K,
Umeoka S, Kataoka M, Nagai S Radiographics.
2004;24(1):87.
5.9.1.1 History of at least 30 pack years (daily
number of packs smoked multiplied by the number of
years smoked)
5.9.1.2 Currently smoking, or smoked within the
last 15 years
5.9.1.3 Aged between 55 and 80 years
Draft Recommendation Statement USPTF Accesses
10/28/2013 at
http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf13/lungcan/lungcandraftrec.htm
5.10 Thymoma, Known
Robert G. Hayter, James T. Rhea, Andrew Small,
Faranak S. Tafazoli, and Robert A. Novelline
Suspected Aortic Dissection and Other Aortic
Disorders: Multi-Detector Row CT in 373 Cases in
the Emergency Setting Radiology 2006 238: 841-852
Louise A. Prince, Gary A. Johnson in Tintinalli’s
Emergency Medicine:A Comprehensive Study Guide,
6th Edition Judith E. Tintinalli, MD, MS, Gabor D.
Kelen, MD, J. Stephan Stapczynski, MD, O. John Ma,
MD and David M. Cline, MD Eds. The American
College of Emergency Physicians> Section 7:
Cardiovascular Disease > Chapter 58. Aortic
Dissection and Aneurysms
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 17th Edition (2004)
Townsend et al, eds; pp1907 – 1913